Jharkhand was carved out of the southern part of Bihar state on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east.
The industrial city of Ranchi is its capital. Some of the other major cities and industrial centres are Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Sindri, Giridih, Gumla, Deoghar, Hazaribagh and Dhanbad once a part of West Bengal.

Economy
Jharkhand's gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $14 billion at current prices. Born out of partition from old Bihar state in 2000, Jharkhand produces about 40% of the output of the old Bihar state. Since it is rich in minerals, the state per capita income is likely to increase in the coming years.

Divisions
The state was formed with 18 districts, which were formerly part of Bihar Some of these districts were reorganized to form 4 new districts, namely, Latehar, Saraikela Kharsawan, Jamtara and Sahebgunj. Presently, the state has 22 districts Districts of Jharkhand:
Ranchi
Lohardaga
Gumla
Simdega
Palamu
Latehar
Garhwa
West Singhbhum
Seraikela Kharsawan
East Singhbhum
Dumka
Jamtara
Sahebganj
Pakur
Godda
Hazaribagh
Chatra
Koderma
Giridih
Dhanbad
Bokaro
Deoghar